The comparative anatomical stuby on the cervical vertebrae of domestic animals

Abstract

In the case of the cervical vertebrae of the horse, the first, the second, the sixth and the seventh cervical vertebrae are strictly discriminated from others, for they have distinct peculiarities. But, the order of the third, the fourth and the fifth cervical vertebrae should be decide by the peculiarities under mentioned, because they resemble each other, and these cervical vertebrae are discernable at a glance in accordance with these features.(I) The third cervical vertebra:The third cervical vertebra is judged by some one by its following peculiarities, viz., it is not mistaken for the fourth or the fifth cervical vertebrae on account of the following feautures. (1) The Proc. costotransversarius vertebrae cervicalis is very thinly and weak.(2) The notch which grows in the crest connects the articular processes of the same side, is so large that the dorsal surface of the arch looks like very narrow one.(II) Out of there, the fourth and the fifth cervica vertebrae come into question in the case of these two of the horse, and each shall bo discriminated from the other.(1) Concerning the fourth cervical vertebra, the notch, which grows in the crest connects the articular processes of the same side, is larger than in the case of the fifth cervical vertebra by this fact, the former is generally possible to be discriminated from the latter.(2) The tuberculated part of the spinous processes of the fifth cervical vertebra situated more cranially than that of the fourth cervical vertebra.For these reasone, it is better to consider thpeculiarities mentioned in (1) and (2) in order to dee oide the fourth and the fifth cervical vertebrae.Besides, the third, the fourth and the fifth cervical vertebrae differ each from the other in peculiarities; but only by the one of these feautures the order of these three cervical vertebrae cannot be decided. These differences are convenient to be taken into consideration to endorse the decision generally reached.

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