Norovirus Disease in the United States

Citations Over TimeTop 1% of 2013 papers

Abstract

Although recognized as the leading cause of epidemic acute gastroenteritis across all age groups, norovirus has remained poorly characterized with respect to its endemic disease incidence. Use of different methods, including attributable proportion extrapolation, population-based surveillance, and indirect modeling, in several recent studies has considerably improved norovirus disease incidence estimates for the United States. Norovirus causes an average of 570-800 deaths, 56,000-71,000 hospitalizations, 400,000 emergency department visits, 1.7-1.9 million outpatient visits, and 19-21 million total illnesses per year. Persons >65 years of age are at greatest risk for norovirus-associated death, and children <5 years of age have the highest rates of norovirus-associated medical care visits. Endemic norovirus disease occurs year round but exhibits a pronounced winter peak and increases by ≤ 50% during years in which pandemic strains emerge. These findings support continued development and targeting of appropriate interventions, including vaccines, for norovirus disease.

Related Papers

• → Emergence of New Norovirus Variants on Spring Cruise Ships and Prediction of Winter Epidemics(2008)116 cited
• → Epidemiology of Foodborne Norovirus Outbreaks – United States, 2009–2015(2018)48 cited
• → Molecular epidemiology of norovirus gastroenteritis outbreaks in New Zealand from 2002–2009(2012)35 cited
• → Outbreaks of noroviral gastroenteritis in Florida, 2006–2007(2008)21 cited
• → Epidemiology of acute gastroenteritis outbreaks caused by Noroviruses in Okayama, Japan(2005)27 cited