Nanocomposites of Cassava Nanowhiskers and Polyvinyl Alcohol Using Electrospinning

MATERIAIS 20222022pp. 34–34

Bruno Souza, Paulo Rodrigo Stival Bittencourt

Abstract

first_page settings Order Article Reprints Font Type: Arial Georgia Verdana Font Size: Aa Aa Aa Line Spacing:    Column Width:    Background: Open AccessAbstract Nanocomposites of Cassava Nanowhiskers and Polyvinyl Alcohol Using Electrospinning † by Bruno Souza * and Paulo Bittencourt Pos Graduation Program of Environmental Technologies, Federal Technological University of Parana, Medianeira 85857-590, Brazil * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. † Presented at the Materiais 2022, Marinha Grande, Portugal, 10–13 April 2022. Mater. Proc. 2022, 8(1), 34; https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022008034 Published: 24 May 2022 (This article belongs to the Proceedings of MATERIAIS 2022) Download Download PDF Download PDF with Cover Download XML Download Epub Versions Notes Cassava production is associated with large amounts of solid and liquid wastes that have scarce options to reuse in the industry life cycle. Cassava starch waste include cellulose, lignin, hemicellulose and proteins in a moisture pasta by-product of the industrial processing. As cellulose is an interesting polymer for its crystalline structure, the cassava starch treatment from chemical process like mercerization, bleaching, acid hydrolysis and dialysis foster the extraction of the non-crystalline elements resulting in nanostructures known as nanowhiskers for its two-dimensional nanoscale. The opportunity of reinforcing polymers to form nanocomposites with matrixes such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) that are very used in the food and pharmaceutical industry also may promote benefits due to the challenge of breaking chains of artificial polymers. This work applied electrospinning polymer processing technique to reinforce PVA matrix with cassava nanowhiskers chemically treated in mass/mass percentages of 0, 1, 2.5 and 5. The electrospinning technique was applied under a voltage between 15 to 18 kV to the solution of PVA and cassava nanowhiskers using rotative collector distant 8 to 12 cm from the needle tip at a rate of 0.92 mL/h. According to FTIR and X-ray diffraction test it was possible to have crystallinity increase in the cassava starch sample with mercerization, bleaching, acid hydrolysis and dialyze on chemical treatment. X-ray diffraction showed crystallinity improvement of the cassava with 5% of nanowhiskers sample in relation with other samples. There were achieved improvements in thermal stability of the solution using 5% of nanowhiskers reinforcement compared to the other samples that were electrospun. Polymer processing generated fibers ranging 150 to 600 nanometers diameter from calibrated technical and environmental conditions to form nanofibers. Chemical treatment of the cassava waste also is associated with the use of considerable amount of resources that generate low productivity of the final material after electrospinning. Author ContributionsConceptualization, B.S. and P.B.; methodology, B.S. and P.B.; software, B.S. and P.B.; validation, P.B.; formal analysis, B.S.; investigation, B.S.; resources, P.B.; data curation, P.B.; writing—original draft preparation, B.S.; writing—review and editing, B.S.; visualization, P.B.; supervision, P.B.; project administration, P.B.; funding acquisition, P.B. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.FundingThis research received no external funding.Institutional Review Board StatementNot applicable.Informed Consent StatementNot applicable. Data Availability StatementThe study did not report and data. Conflicts of InterestThe authors declare no conflict of interest.Publisher's Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Share and Cite MDPI and ACS Style Souza, B.; Bittencourt, P. Nanocomposites of Cassava Nanowhiskers and Polyvinyl Alcohol Using Electrospinning. Mater. Proc. 2022, 8, 34. https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022008034 AMA Style Souza B, Bittencourt P. Nanocomposites of Cassava Nanowhiskers and Polyvinyl Alcohol Using Electrospinning. Materials Proceedings. 2022; 8(1):34. https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022008034 Chicago/Turabian Style Souza, Bruno, and Paulo Bittencourt. 2022. "Nanocomposites of Cassava Nanowhiskers and Polyvinyl Alcohol Using Electrospinning" Materials Proceedings 8, no. 1: 34. https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022008034 Find Other Styles Note that from the first issue of 2016, MDPI journals use article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here. Article Metrics No No Article Access Statistics Multiple requests from the same IP address are counted as one view.

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