A study on determinants of immunization coverage among 12-23 months old children in urban slums of Lucknow district, India

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Abstract

Context: To find out the suitable factors for raising the coverage of\nimmunization. Aims : To determine the coverage and to identify the\nvarious factors of primary immunization. Settings and Design : Urban\nslums of Lucknow district. Methods and Material : WHO 30-cluster\nsampling technique was used for the selection of the subjects. Mother,\nfather or relative of a total of 510 children with 17 children per\ncluster were interviewed in the study. Statistical Analysis :\nChi-square test, binary logistic regression and multinomial logistic\nregression analysis were done to test the statistical significance of\nthe association. Results: About 44% of the children studied were fully\nimmunized. Multinomial logistic regression analysis revealed that an\nilliterate mother (OR=4.0), Muslim religion (OR=2.5), scheduled caste\nor tribes (OR=2.3) and higher birth order (OR≈2) were significant\nindependent predictors of the partial immunized status of the child;\nwhile those associated with the unimmunized status of the child were\nlow socioeconomic status (OR=10.8), Muslim religion (OR=4.3), higher\nbirth order (OR=4.3), home delivery (OR=3.6) and belonging to a joint\nfamily (OR=2.1). Conclusions: The status of complete immunization is\nabout half of what was proposed to be achieved under the Universal\nImmunization Program. This emphasizes the imperative need for urgent\nintervention to address the issues of both dropout and lack of access,\nwhich are mainly responsible for partial immunization and\nnonimmunization respectively.

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