The Evolution of Extended Platelet-Rich Fibrin Membranes for Socket Grafting: Part One: Technical Development of Protocols.

Abstract

Background: Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is an autologous biomaterial utilized as an adjunct in dental implant surgeries owing to its significant biocompatibility, supra-physiological concentration of growth factors, and ability to speed either soft or hard tissue regeneration. Methods: Today, PRF is available in both solid and liquid forms with an average resorption period of roughly 2 weeks. While various research endeavors have attempted to utilize Solid-PRF as a barrier membrane in guided bone regeneration (GBR) and various other applications, its two-week resorption period has limited its use as a solo "barrier" membrane owing to its faster-than-ideal resorption properties. Results: Recent studies have demonstrated that by heating and denaturing Liquid-PRF/albumin, the resorption properties of the heated albumin gel could be extended from 2 weeks to 4-6 months by utilizing the Bio-Heat technology. This emerging technology was given the working name 'extended-PRF' or e-PRF, with many clinical indications being proposed for further study. Numerous clinicians have now utilized extended-PRF (e-PRF) membranes as a substitute for collagen barrier membranes in various clinical applications, such as guided tissue/bone regeneration, recession coverage, and lateral window sinus lifts. Conclusions: This two-part case series paper aims to first illustrate the evolution of techniques developed taking advantage of this new technology in clinical practice for alveolar ridge preservation. This includes four different methods of fabrication of e-PRF along with its application in clinical practice. This article discusses the clinical outcomes, including the advantages/disadvantages of utilizing each of the four separate techniques to prepare and utilize e-PRF membranes for ridge preservation.