Sodium Benzenesulfonate Modified Poly (3,4‐Ethylenedioxythiophene):Polystyrene Sulfonate with Improved Wettability and Work Function for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

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Abstract

The p‐type conducting polymer poly (3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) is widely utilized as the hole transport layer (HTL) for solution‐processed planar perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with a p‐i‐n structure. However, the inverted PSCs based on PEDOT:PSS HTL suffer from deficient open‐circuit voltage ( V OC ) and poor stability issues, because of the high electron affinity and acid nature of PEDOT:PSS. Herein, sodium benzenesulfonate (C 6 H 5 SO 3 Na) (SBS) is applied to modify the PEDOT:PSS (SBS–PEDOT:PSS) layer to form a smoother surface and better energy‐level alignment with the perovskite layer. In addition, the SBS–PEDOT:PSS layer with improved hole extraction capacity and suppressed charge recombination, significantly increases the grain size and crystallinity of the MA 0.8 FA 0.2 PbI 3‐ x Cl x perovskite film. Consequently, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and V OC of the inverted PSCs are improved from 18.07% and 1.04 V to 19.41% and 1.08 V, respectively, after SBS modification. Moreover, the efficiency of the unencapsulated PSCs based on SBS–PEDOT:PSS remains above 90% after storing in ambient condition for 20 days. This research provides an accessible route to surmount the intrinsic imperfection of PEDOT:PSS and ameliorate the performance of PSCs.

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